executor of a will
Also called: executeur
The person appointed by the testator to carry out the contents of the will after they die.
What it means
An executor of a will is a person appointed in a will to carry out the testator's instructions after they die. Their duties can include managing assets, paying debts, and handing over portions to the named beneficiaries. In Indonesia, this appointment is commonly made in a will deed before a notary. An executor of a will is different from an heir, although the same person can hold both roles.
Why it matters for families
Clarity on who is the executor of a will determines whether the estate can be divided without dispute. Without a clear appointment, families often fight over managing the assets and debt matters can be delayed. Misunderstanding their authority can make the executor be seen as the owner of the assets, when they are only carrying out the mandate. Therefore, appoint someone trusted and understand the limits of their duties.
Example
For example, a father has a Rp300 million deposit and one house. He appoints the eldest sibling as executor of the will to pay a Rp50 million business debt and then divide the remainder according to the will. That sibling may not use the assets for personal purposes before the debt and the will's instructions are carried out.
Common misunderstanding
Many think the executor of a will automatically becomes the owner or main heir. The correction is that they only carry out the testator's mandate and must be accountable for their actions.